Sunday, May 24, 2020
The Role Of Canadian Peacekeeping - 1192 Words
Canada has been actively involved with the United Nations since its creation in 1945. Since then, Canadian peacekeepers have participated in almost every single peacekeeping mission. The role of Canadian peacekeeping was to bring peace and stability between countries. However, Canadaââ¬â¢s role is slowly starting to diminish because of its failure to prevent conflict in peacekeeping missions. Examples of this instance include the mass genocide in Rwanda, the civil war in Somalia and Yugoslavian crisis. Through the months, April to July in 1994, approximately 800,000 to 1 million Tutsis and some moderate Hutus were massacred in the Rwandan genocide. More than 67% of women, who were raped during the genocide were infected with HIV and AIDS. In many cases, this resulted from a systematic and planned use of rape by HIV+ men as a weapon of genocide. Due to poverty, over half the children who survived stopped their schooling. 40,000 survivors are still without shelter, many whose homes were destroyed in the genocide. In July 1993 General Romà ©o Dallaire was provided with little information on the background of the conflict in Rwanda. When requested for current intelligence, he was denied and given little access to the information. Romeo went into the mission of Rwanda as what they call ââ¬Å"a blind manâ⬠. Due to the lack of information Canada was given, the mission was planned poorly as they were provided with inexperienced experts in economic, political and human rights operationalShow MoreRelatedCanada Is A Peacekeeping Country1510 Words à |à 7 PagesCanadians pride themselves on being a ââ¬Å"peacekeeping countryâ⬠and many believe that peacekeeping represents a defining aspect of Canadian identity because it reflects fundamental values, beliefs and interests. Canada has been a leader in peace operations since its development that spearheaded by a Canadian. In fact, Canadaââ¬â¢s role as peacekeeper remains the main focus of the Canadia n military after its invention around 60 years ago, originally started by a Canadian. Their efforts have gained anRead MoreCanada s Most Appreciated Peacekeeping Country1575 Words à |à 7 Pagesáâ¬â¬Ã¥â æž §Most Appreciated Peacekeeping Country Some people believe that Canada is not a main contributor towards peacekeeping in the world; these statements are false and lack knowledge. Peacekeeping was not a ââ¬Å"famousâ⬠topic until the 1950ââ¬â¢s and the cold war. Peacekeeping would not be as important and well-known if it was not for the contribution of Canada towards Peacekeeping. Canada s part as a peacekeeper for the world started in the 1950 s by Lester Pearson (a Canadian researcher, statesman, aRead MoreThe End Of The Second World War Essay1640 Words à |à 7 Pagesis often referred as the Golden Age of Canadian diplomacy. During this period, Canada, employing the theory of functionalism and acting as a middle-power, was an effective moderator within the Western Bloc, emerged as one of the United Nationsââ¬â¢ most reliable peacekeepers, and was instrumental in building several multilateral organizations. Undoubtedly, the functional principle can partly explain the Canadian foreign policy during the Golden Age of Canadian diplomacy. This principle rests on theRead MoreEssay about Canada and The Korean War1401 Words à |à 6 Pages Overshadowed by the previous, long and devastating Second World War, the Korean War became known by Canadian veterans as the Forgotten War. After Japans defeat in World War II, Korea was split into two parts, North Korea and South Korea. North Korea was occupied by the communist country of USSR while South Korea was held by the Americans and other democratic nations. War officially broke out on June 25, 1950, when the North Koreans assaulted across the countrys division on the 38th ParallelRead MoreEssay about The Establishment of the United Nations Emergency Force705 Words à |à 3 PagesIt was on the 4th of November , 1956 that 57 UN states voted in favor of Lester Pearsonââ¬â¢s idea of establishing a large scale peacekeeping force. 1 This l arge scale peacekeeping force would be known as the United Nations Emergency Force ( UNEF) and would be responsible to securing an end to the Suez Crisis. The idea was for the British,French and Israeli forces to withdraw from the canal and the UNEF would remain in the canal area stabilizing the situation. 2 The UNEF was responsible for lookingRead MoreCanada s Role During The World Since 19451062 Words à |à 5 Pages Benjamin Salebaigi Canadaââ¬â¢s Role in the world since 1945 Canada has played a big role in the world since 1945 and this role has continued to this very day. Canada is still to this day being viewed as a peacekeeping nation because of its efforts and contributions in organizations like the United Nations, NATO and NORAD. These have given Canada a bigger and more important role in the world.Canada has made considerable contributions in organizations suchRead MoreThe End Of The Second World War Essay1743 Words à |à 7 Pageswas that of liberal internationalism which promotes the use of multilateralism, diplomacy and peaceful methods in solving conflicts. Its traditional values in foreign policy are neutrality and mediation. The country has also been instrumental in peacekeeping missions and committed to multilateral organizations (Potter, 1996). However, since the establishment of the Harper regime, there has been a considerable change in the countryââ¬â¢s foreign policy. These changes include a more active participationRead MoreRelevance After Violence : How Canada Mattered After World War Two1438 Words à |à 6 Pagesway to keep its status. In this, the country succeeded; with peacekeeping missions around the world, issues addressed at home, and disaster aid for those who needed it, it easily kept its relevance on a global scale. Even with the end of its military reign, Canada used the independence it won to its fullest capacity, swiftly proving it mattered as a nation, not an army, as it strove for global prosperity. After its important role in two brutal wars, Canada was still determined to aid the globeRead MoreLester B. Pearson and the Suez Canal Crisis1449 Words à |à 6 PagesCanada had no direct ties to the Suez crisis, in terms of control or economic interest. However, Canadian Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Lester B. Pearson, persuaded the UN General Assembly to send in the United Nations Emergency Force. Even though Lester B. Pearson dismayed the Commonwealth with his measures for peace, Canada was recognized for starting the first ever United Nations Peacekeeping mission. In the 1950s the Middle East was affected by four different conflicts; each one separateRead MoreLester B. Pearson: 14th Prime Minister of Canada757 Words à |à 3 Pagesthat served from April 22. 1963 - April 20. 1968 2. During his time as Prime Minister, heââ¬â¢s accomplished many things, and thatââ¬â¢s why I believe that Lester B. Pearson is the greatest Canadian. Not many people recognize what the Suez Crisis is, but to those who do, they all know that Lester B. Pearson played a crucial role in the neutralization of the situation. In 1956 3 , Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal, thus triggering a crisis. Britain and France soon joined in a coalition along with Israel, in
Sunday, May 17, 2020
Characteristics Of Culture And International Business
I. Introduction What is culture? In the textbook the authors give a simple definition, which is, ââ¬Å"The sum of the beliefs, rules, techniques, institutions, and artifacts that characterize human population.â⬠Though this is a good definition it needs expanded, there is a vast amount of culture in this world and one cannot simply put culture into a few sentences. Many people have dedicated their time to studying culture, these people can be referred to as anthropologists. Thus far they have discovered that culture is something that is acquired through personal experiences. Anthropologist have also hypothesized that many characteristics of culture are connected. These characteristics of culture create the distinction between various social groups. Culture is something that is very important to several different fields. Since culture is subjective, a deeper look at what it entails and the role it plays in global business is essential. II. Culture and International Business To be involved in international business, it takes a special type of person. This is the rare moment in business when it is essential to have the openness and ability to acquire knowledge about other culture besides our own. It is believed that culture cannot be simply studied; one has to be there to experience it. This phenomenon can be referred to as sociocultural. The longer someone is subjected to a culture, the better business official they will be. Before a business official leaves their home country,Show MoreRelatedTypes Of Company Traits That Builds And Sustain Companies Growth1459 Words à |à 6 Pagescauses companies to disappear. This is to support the positive traits that are recommended for companies to follow and improve chances for survival. Multiple studies on business success have found similar traits shared by successful companies. A global quantitative research is suggested for more accurate results of successful characteristics. Companiesââ¬â¢ Success and Failure Based on Traits A study by Kelly (1997), surveyed 30 companies that have survived for over 75 years. The study showed that organizationsRead MoreThe Issue Of Language Boundaries838 Words à |à 4 Pageswhen everybody enter to new culture. Everybody need struggle to communicate what they want to get necessary information regarding new culture. The findings suggest that the language barrier generates negative emotional. There are so many differences like Body languages, eating food, Cloths wearing, communication. This paper describes the most well known and accepted new cultural with international language. These theories consider relations between new people And new culture. Introduction The pointsRead MoreUnderstanding Cultural Dimension : Strategy For Globalization Business1596 Words à |à 7 PagesGlobalisation Business The maritime industry is a kind of vast business, which usually develop into multinational business. This business will involve many people from other countries. Since, the ship moves from one to another country, communicating with people from another country with different cultures is inevitable. Culture was defined by anthropologist as learning and sharing concept, value and belief or can be said as an adaptable system (Lyman, 2008). While, in the wholistic sense, culture can beRead MoreThe International Business Field And The Entrepreneurship Field940 Words à |à 4 Pagesexploiting it for growing the effectiveness of new business venturing as well as small and medium size businesses. There are studies that think of international entrepreneurship as more of a common marvel than young ventures entering international markets and slight interest is dedicated to the entrepreneurial behavior of organizations once they first enter into international markets. There is an inequality among the international business field and the entrepreneurship field, Read MoreCultural Dimensions Of Brazil And China1501 Words à |à 7 Pages GCIM International Business and Management Assignment 1 Cultural Dimensions of Brazil and China Nouran AlSahhaf @00413902 ââ¬Æ' Table of Contents Executive summeryâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..3 Cultural Dimensionsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.4 Power Distanceâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.4 Power Distance in Chinaâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦................................................â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..4 Power Distance in Brazil â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.5 Uncertainty Avoidanceâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.5 Uncertainty Avoidance in Chinaâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Read MoreIntroduction To International Commercial Arbitration915 Words à |à 4 Pages Introduction to International Commercial Arbitration Producers of goods and services have grown their business activities up to transacting their items across various nations of the world. Many business people or entrepreneurs have expanded their properties and businesses to an international level. This has largely contributed to the crossing of large amount of goods from various countries to others, an activity which is commonly described as importation and exportation of products, propertiesRead MoreEffect of Culture in International Business Essay1492 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction Culture is an important part of International Business. Culture is defining the collection of values, beliefs, behaviours, customs and attitudes of the member in the society. Culture is the behaviour that people act in the community. The characteristic of culture is also reflects learned behaviour that is transmitted from one member to another in society. There are also basic elements cultures such as social structure, language and religious. So the foreigner who wants to operateRead MoreUnderstanding National Culture And How Relevant Is Important Essay841 Words à |à 4 Pagesapproaches to understanding national culture and how relevant is such an understanding to an internationalising firm. ââ¬Æ' Index 1.- Introduction 3 2.- Aproaches to National Culture 4 2.1.- Hallââ¬â¢s Context Culture Model 5 2.2.- Hofstede s Cultural Dimensions Theory 5 2.3.- Trompenaars Model of National Culture Differences 5 3.- Conclusion 6 4.- Bibliography 7 ââ¬Æ' 1.- Introduction According to Hofstede definition, it is possible to develop the idea of national culture as a culture for a particular group of humansRead MoreLink Between Emotional Intelligence and Cross-Cultural Leadership1033 Words à |à 5 PagesReilly, A.H. and Karounos, T.J. (2009), ââ¬Å"Exploring the Link between Emotional Intelligence and Cross-Cultural Leadership Effectivenessâ⬠, Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies, Vol. 1, Feb. 2009, pp. 1 ââ¬â 13. Introduction Along with the globalization of business, many corporations are facing the challenge of operating in a different culture. The writers made a connection between emotional intelligence and cross-cultural leadership effectiveness to deal with this situation, this articleRead MoreUncertainty avoidance997 Words à |à 4 Pagesthan principles. People in cultures with high uncertainty avoidance tend to be more emotional. They try to minimize the occurrence of unknown and unusual circumstances and to proceed with careful changes step by step by planning and by implementing rules, laws and regulations. In contrast, low uncertainty avoidance cultures accept and feel comfortable in unstructured situations or changeable environments and try to have as few rules as possible. People in these cultures tend to be more pragmatic,
Thursday, May 14, 2020
Technology and Social Change in Healthcare - 1606 Words
Technology and Social Change in Healthcare Today there are many technologies that have provided change in our social environments. For example, we have access to laptop/computers, the Internet, cell phones, and android pads. This is beneficial because we can use the Internet to obtain information almost instantly to assist in research and education as well as staying in communication with friends and family. I believe that every household should have access to these technologies but due to socioeconomic conditions that is not possible. I feel that the technology today has evolved from landline telephones and going to the library to being able to make calls anytime from anywhere and find information at the touch of our fingertips. Theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The digital divide is defined by the interaction between people and computers. Assumptions are made on a daily basis that everyone has equal access to computers, the Internet and the most upgraded technology and software. This assumption is not true; the digital divide speaks to the fact that not everyone has the same access. The sociological perspective known as conflict best represents the digital divide. Conflict is molded by the competition that society generates through individuals and groups in an effort to determine how power will be distributed. Clearly, if all people do not have the same access to technology due to social status there will be conflict in defining what is fair regarding education, employment and even social status. Cultural lag is described where changes or advancements in technology in our society happen quicker than our culture can maintain, therefore, producing new and different social norms. The sociological perspective symbolic best represents cultural lag. Symbolic is the sociological perspective that helps give meaning and structure to our life experiences. We tend to put importance on the symbols and languages in our lives. We will change the way we act based on our social interactions. What others thinkShow MoreRelatedThe Shift Of Modern Technology1622 Words à |à 7 PagesShift of Modern Technology Technology has always been changing and evolving. Whether it is discovering ways to cultivate plants and animals or if it is developing the smallest nano-technology to be used in space, there is never a time where scientists and inventors are not coming up with new things to better our quality of life and to change how we work in society. The last decade has been especially important to the development of technology in many different aspects such as healthcare, or globalizationRead MoreThe Impact of Innovative Health Technologies in Nursing and Health Care997 Words à |à 4 PagesTechnology in Nursing and Health Care: The continuous transformation of the health care field through the introduction of new technology tools has contributed to the need for nurses to stay current with new trends and keep track of what is on the horizon. However, these rapid technological changes and advancements in the health care field have seemingly precluded any probability of anticipating the future. As a result, nurses and other health care professionals can prepare for the future by remainingRead MoreHow Mobile Technology Can Be Integrated With The Army Surgeon General s Performance Triad1437 Words à |à 6 PagesAbstract Problem/Purpose Statement: To discuss how mobile technology can be integrated with the Army Surgeon Generalââ¬â¢s Performance Triad in order to exceed the 100 minutes the average patient has in a healthcare setting. Why the study is being conducted: Mobile technology has become ubiquitous making it the ideal platform to promote healthy lifestyles. The Performance Triad is a comprehensive plan that focuses on promoting better sleep, activity, and nutrition habits. The Performance Triad addressesRead MoreChanges in the Healthcare Industry1281 Words à |à 5 Pagesgreat many changes in the healthcare industry in the past two decades, largely due to the globalization of the workforce and changing demographic patterns, and technological advances. The industry changed in terms of a reliance on hospital-based care to more emergency clinics, outpatient and nursing home services, and managed care. More hospitals merged, and many doctors have banded together to form larger, more cost-effective, speciality groups. One of the largest and most obvious changes has beenRead MoreSystems Thinking And The Health Care System832 Words à |à 4 Pagesthinking allows new and useful methods to improve patient safe ty, it comes with it its own intangible challenges that, if not documented and addressed, will both slow improvement and present new harm. This SMAC allowed us to see the challenges that healthcare system faces and how they analyzed and apply systems thinking in assessing them. Understanding the challenges by completion of a SWOT analysis. Which required the development of an action plan of improvement for patient safety by implementingRead MoreRelationship Between Employment, Health Coverage And Costs, And Access For Care And Health Outcomes1735 Words à |à 7 PagesIn the United States, the economy is set up to explain the complex relationship between employment, health coverage and costs, and access to care and health outcomes. Economics a social science that explains how a society uses its resources and makes decisions. Economics analyzes the priority of certain choices in order to use the resources efficiently. In society there is cooperative decision-making done by consumers and suppliers focusing solely on price theories. For example, consumers andRead MoreHealth Coverage Needle And Its Impact On America s Healthcare Landscape886 Words à |à 4 Pagesrecent years, healthcare in the United States has drastically changed. The industry has experienced continuous growth, due to an array of events. The introduction and passing of Affordable Care Act, the increase of Baby Boomers (individuals born between 1946-1960) reaching the age of retirement, and potential passing of immigration inclusion laws has impacted and will continue to impact Americaââ¬â¢s healthcare landscape. Numerous factors associated with the political, economic, social, technologicalRead More Nursing Essay1428 Words à |à 6 PagesIn this era of increasing medical technology, changing modes of communication and the expansion of nursing professional roles, ethical, legal and social issues in nursing are increasing. Nurses operate in situations that put them under ethical, legal and social challenges on a daily basis. These issues are linked to legislative changes and ethics of medical technologies geared toward s helping nurses to provide better healthcare, for patients. They govern issues of confidentiality, practice, medicalRead MoreHealth Care Changes and Challenges1177 Words à |à 5 PagesHealth Care Changes and Challenges Dindi White HSC490 May 18, 2015 Jennifer Johnson Health Care Changes and Challenges Some people may believe that health care is not changing. However, todays health care system is changing. Todayââ¬â¢s advanced technology and growing population have required health care organizations to evolve. Changes in health care can present challenges, and the challenges must be addressed and dealt with accordingly. Todayââ¬â¢s health care system is changing. In order forRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Media On Modern Society1703 Words à |à 7 PagesSocial media is a dynamic form of communication that breaks physical and geographic boundaries via mediums that allow individuals to commute from anywhere at any time. Its popularity is a phenomenon that continues to grow as it encourages participants to exchange content and ideas thus making it a very engaging form of communication (Everson, Gundlach Miller 2013). I will be assessing my current use of social media, drawing conclusions from the ââ¬ËStripling modelââ¬â¢ to identify how my practices will
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Aristotle s Views On Happiness - 1505 Words
Aristotle argues that the most important thing in peoples lives is the virtue of happiness. He writes that one attains happiness by living a life of virtue - our definition is in harmony with those who say that happiness is virtue, or a particular virtue; because an activity in accordance with virtue implies virtue. Indeed, we may go further and assert that anyone who does not delight in fine actions is not even a good man.(Aristotle) A life of virtue implies a life of reasoning for the end goal of doing what is good. Human good is fulfilling and most desirable, therefore human good in life correlates with virtue. Happiness is a belief. Similar to other beliefs, it is prone to contain fallacies and delusions. Aristotle says that happiness is an end, or the result of things a person does. The majority of our actions are performed in order to achieve something else, but happiness is different. A happy person is someone that believes that he or she contains everything they really nee d in life. They have the virtues they need to know their potentials. Open knowing their potentials they achieve happiness. Aristotle says that the happy person doesn t want anything more. Happiness is achieved in itself and never by means of something else. Aristotle says that the quality of being happy doesn t coincide with the quality of pleasure. he also say that it doesn t have anything to do with honor because honor depends not on the person rather what other people think of theShow MoreRelatedAristotle s Views On Happiness2248 Words à |à 9 Pages Happiness is the fundamental objective of life. This bold statement is unanimously agreed upon among generations of people on every corner of our planet. However, the real question that has been contested for centuries is the true meaning of happiness? The true meaning of happiness is one of the most highly debated philosophy topics in history. Most famous are the writings of Aristotle and John Stuart Mill who both paint very opposing pictures of happiness. Mill believes happiness is obtained throughRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1394 Words à |à 6 Pages Happiness Happiness. It is not measurable, profitable, nor tradable. Yet, above all else in the world, it is what people seek. There are many claims that happiness can be achieved through money, yet many challenge that theory. The modern definition of happiness claimed by the dictionary is ââ¬Å"feelings of joy and pleasure mingled togetherâ⬠. In other words, it is claimed to be a state of mind. However, Aristotle proposed that, rather than being a state of emotion throughout life, happiness is the finalRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness999 Words à |à 4 PagesAristotle, Epicurus, Epictetus, Boethius, Augustine, and Aquinas connected on writing about the phenomenon of human happiness. Through these philosophers, various ideologies on happiness gets to be distinctly conceivable for one to distinguish and recognize the difference between what people think or feel happiness is and what the true state of happiness is. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle said happiness is the value and reason for every good thing, so happiness is deserving of respect. ForRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1509 Words à |à 7 PagesThis paper will focus on Aristotleââ¬â¢s claim that happiness is an activity and not just a momentary pleasure. Skeptics claim happiness is a state of mind and Aristotle is wrong to claim that happiness is an ongoing pursuit a person must actively strive for during oneââ¬â¢s life. This paper argues that Aristotle is correct when he states that happiness is an activity, the central purpose of human life and a goal in itself that individuals strive for throughout the entirety of their lifetime and ultimatelyRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1582 Words à |à 7 Pagesothers. For example, there is almost nothing from Aristotle that I agree with, but I agree with almost everything Berry says. In this essay, I will walk through Aristotle, Berry, and Day, and decide whether I a gree or disagree. Then, I will give my own personal view on happiness. ARISTOTLE: Aristotle was an Ancient Greek philosopher who was taught by Plato, and taught Alexander the Great. In his writings, Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle states that happiness is a way of walking through life, and is a completeRead MoreAristotle s View Of Happiness1810 Words à |à 8 PagesAccording to Aristotle, happiness is the highest goal of a human being, because it is the only goal that is an end in itself, and is not pursued for the sake of something else. He defines happiness as: ââ¬Å"activity of the soul in accordance with complete virtue in a complete life.â⬠He then goes on, in Book X, to argue that the complete happiness for human beings lies in the life of study. Plato, on the other hand, does agree that all humans aim to achieve the highest goal or end (telos), but does notRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness And Moral Virtue Essay1593 Words à |à 7 PagesTiverio Madrigal Landa Philosophy 002 October 13, 2016 Happiness and Moral Virtue Every few decades, an individual revolutionizes the way that we think and perceive the world. During the year 300 B.C., the foundation of philosophy was started by Aristotle and his learning from Plato and Socrates. A few centuries later, Thomas Hobbes beliefs challenged Aristotle s views. At the time, it was not known that their ideas would revolutionize the way we see the world around us today. Even though theyRead MoreAristotle s Views On Human Happiness1022 Words à |à 5 Pages2 -PURPOSE OF HAPPINESS For Aristotle, happiness was related to a natural function. He argued that if we as human fulfilled our natural function/purpose then we will be able to be happy and ââ¬Å"want for nothing at allâ⬠(page 91). Aristotle believed that human happiness refers to the function most proper to the human should and essentially the function must be exclusive to human. He argues that this supposed function is a practical aspect of life that comes from the rational part within humans. The useRead MoreAristotle s Views On Morality And Happiness1948 Words à |à 8 PagesJared Sanders 5/4/16 PHI 372: Ethical Inquiry Term Paper What, if anything, does happiness have to do with morality. According to Aristotleââ¬â¢s Nicomachean Ethics, there is a direct connection between morality and happiness. Aristotle states that happiness is the main goal of human existence. He follows this idea by saying the only way to achieve happiness is through his account of morality. Aristotleââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"happinessâ⬠is a translation of the Greek word Eudaimonia. A definition of Eudaimonia could be ââ¬Å"theRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Aristotle s Views On Happiness And Human Flourishing With His Philosophy991 Words à |à 4 Pagesback. For example, I put into my life my thoughts, my beliefs and my behaviors. What I get back from this is my reality that my thoughts, beliefs and behaviors have created. In my philosophy like Aristotle, I believe in Aristotleââ¬â¢s views on happiness and human flourishing with his philosophy. (Aristotle 4) I also believe in some of Kantââ¬â¢s philosophy through his concept of its our duty to live up to our highest moral capacity. (Kant 3) I believe it will make the world a better place in the sense that
Organizational Success Is Increasingly Becoming Dependent...
1.0 Introduction Organizational success is increasingly becoming dependent on an organizationââ¬â¢s ability to embrace a diverse workforce (Simmons et al., 2011). There exists more variety in the modern workforce than in previous years (Christian et al., 2006). This is largely due to the demographic factors like immigration and economic factors like globalization (Christian et al., 2006). The increase of globalization requires more interaction among people from different cultures, beliefs and background than ever before (Gupta, 2013). Workforce diversity is widely taken into consideration by many organizations since it is considered to enhance decision-making and create a competitive advantage (Gupta, 2013). Diversity management has thereforeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦There are a number of protected characteristics such as age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion and belief, sex and sexual orientation which are covered by dis crimination law to give people protection against being treated unfairly (CIPD, 2015). In order to critically analyze the approaches to manage equality and diversity, one of these protected characteristics is used as the centre of discussion. ââ¬ËSexââ¬â¢ which is referred to as gender throughout the essay will be discussed. Three organizations will be analyzed in the essay with the aim of critically evaluating how these organizations manage equality and diversity respectively in terms of their policies and practical approaches. The three organizations discussed in this essay are British Transport Police (BTP), PricewaterhouseCoopers UK (Pwc) and Enterprise Rent-A-Car. Acasââ¬â¢ guidelines to managing equality and diversity will be used in analyzing and evaluating the policies of these organizations. 1.2 Essay Structure This essay has been categorized into sub-headings based on the topic areas discussed in the essay. The essay starts by exploring definitions around equality and diversity management. Similarities and differences between the terms ââ¬Ëequalityââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëdiversityââ¬â¢ are subsequently discussed. This is
Clinical Psychology and Gerontology Dilemma of Older Women
Question: Describe about the Clinical Psychology and Gerontology for the Dilemma of Older Women. Answer: 1. Feminization of ageing refers to the dilemma of older women, which is exacerbated by a lifetime discrimination based on gender. The nature of the ageing women is such that the women have a tendency to survive longer in comparison to men. The feminization of ageing syndrome in Singapore is prevalent and is a rising issue with respect to the health and social services (Thang, 2014). In Singapore, the older women are not sufficiently prepared for old age. In Singapore, the roles based on gender, performance and outcomes of health are formed by societal, political, economic and cultural factors in comparison to the biological factor alone. Numerous data have revealed that, approximately women in the world survive longer in comparison to the men in Singapore (DiGiacomo et al., 2013). It has been observed that older men get married to younger women and as a result of this, the women are expected to live longer due to the death of their partners and this leads them to live in old age hom e as widows in Singapore. This makes them helpless and due to this, their health deteriorates. In Singapore, several older women are are facing inequities associated with health and are frequently imperceptible within the discourse of the policy of ageing. The reasons of feminization of ageing in Singapore include the traditional practices that are associated with widowhood and lead the older women to encounter violence and mistreatment. It poses a risk to the health as well as being (Jain, Koolwal Goel, 2016). In Singapore, an elderly woman living alone may not make out how or where to access the health care and services of welfare alone. Further, a woman who typically survives longer is more likely to experience disadvantages in accessing food, education, health care, work, political autonomy and social security over her life as compared to a man (Buys, 2014). The reasons of feminization of ageing in Singapore include the collective disadvantages, which indicate that the older women are more expected to be poor as compared to men. In addition, the older women are also probable to suffer from disabilities and encounter social disadvantages (Phua, 2014). In Singapore, population ageing is predominantly rapid in case of women, which results in feminization of ageing due to lower mortality rates in the population of women (Shankardass, 2016). The older women who live alone in this country do not have sufficient resources and support and the most important reason, which makes them to live like this, is increase longevity. In a majority of residential aged care facilities, there is more number of women as compared to the men and they have distinctive concerns and issues. Approximately, in not less than thirty-five countries, women have a life expectancy of more than eighty years (Jain, Koolwal Goel, 2016). They had to face the ultimate challenges, as most of them do not have sufficient support as well as resources. Due to this, they are not able to manage their own expenses of living. Women are adversely affected by widowhood in terms of their mental and physical health conditions. An older woman living alone is more probable to be at r isk to experience social isolation, loneliness together with lack of societal support (Arun ak?ro?lu-evik, 2013). The self-determination theory deals with the motivation as well as personality of humans, which involves the individuals inbuilt tendency of growth as well as psychological needs. This theory is concerned with enthusiasm and supports the natural tendencies of humans for behaving in effectual as well as healthy ways (DiGiacomo et al., 2013). It involves the motivation behind the peoples choices, which they make without any interference or external influence. This theory can explain the resilience and resourcefulness of older woman living in Singapore more effectively. In older women of Singapore, a view of their present life conditions can be expressed by means of resilience (Thang, 2014). The older women in Singapore are expected to possess the ability of regaining the functioning level at which they were operating before any challenge. Resilience can be defined as the capability of maintaining and regaining sufficient levels of functioning in terms of threats and losses. It consists of the resources, which can be activated during stress for aiding to return to the former state prior to trauma or stress. The self-determination theory can also demonstrate their life as children and younger females (Buys, 2014). In older women of Singapore, a number of processes associated with them have an influence on their capacity to adapt with respect to their age. Several aspects of the psychological sphere of influence are concerned with resilience and resourcefulness in older woman (Phua, 2014). It has been indicated by a number of researches that the older women whose possess a multi-faceted self-sense such as using several self-associated processes like adjustment of goals and social comparison are not greatly affected by depression or physical condition (Shankardass, 2016). Several studies have reported that the older women utilize different self-protective mechanisms for maintaining their views and feelings concerning themselves. It has also been reported by a number of researchers that the determination of women enables them to remain strong in spite of the depressing circumstances (Phua, 2014). The older women possess the ability of transcending the hardships in their lives through caring relat ionships and forgiveness (DiGiacomo et al., 2013). 2. The level of stress experienced by two family caregivers of an elderly person above 65 years has been assessed by Zarit Burden Interview- 22-item scale. It consists of questions that are associated with the level of stress which is experienced by the family caregiver who provide are to the elderly person over 65 years. The two family givers has been provide with the questionnaire of the Zarit Burden Interview-2 scale and were told to give their individual responses. The responses of the two individuals have been provided in the appendix section. One of the two family care givers has reported that he is suffering from higher levels of stress and depression while providing care to the elderly individual. On the other hand the second person does not feels that he is overburdened and is suffering from depression while provide care to the elderly patient. It has also been reported by the researchers that, there is a dramatic enhancement in the risk of consequences of mental health among the individuals who spends more than 36 hours in a week in providing care to the elderly person. According to the first individual, it is not less burdening as he is also suffers from physical and mental problems while providing care to the elderly person. He has reduced levels of happiness and comfort in comparison to their neighbors who do not have any elderly person in their home. A number of studies have reported the individuals who are involved with the caregiving of the elderly person have an increased propensity of developing serious illnes s and a weakened immune system that leads to recurrent infection and enhanced risk of other diseases (Richardson et al., 2013). The caregivers are less probable of being engaged in protective behaviors of health. The spouses who provided care to their counterparts more than thirty-six hours a week, are somewhat more probable to acquire the habit of smoking and consuming additional saturated fat (Ostwald et al., 2015). It has been reported by nearly 70% of the caregivers that they did not go the doctor as required by the elderly person and more than 56% of the caregivers have missed the appointments. One of the caregivers has reported that the procedure of caregiving has made his physical health worsened. Few days back, the other caregiver has exhibited an exaggerated cardiovascular response towards the stressful conditions which is putting the caregiver at an enhanced risk. It has also been reported by one of the caregivers that he is using is psychotropic drugs in order to get relief from the stress which is being experienced by him on a daily basis while providing care to the elderly patient. The family caregivers possess a greater risk to develop high levels of aggression in comparison to the non-caregivers (Padierna et al., 2013). The higher rates of the symptoms of depression along with problems of mental health among the caregivers, together with the fatigue of caring for the elderly, who are not capable of performing the activities of daily living, put several caregivers at a severe risk for the outcomes of poor health (Hou et al., 2013).Certainly, the effect of giving ca re to the elderly person can result in enhanced in healthcare requirements of the caregiver (Caqueo-Urzar et al., 2014). According to one of the two caregivers, he is suffering from a physical stress while providing care to the elderly as the elderly person is not able to walk and take bath on his own. The second caregiver feels positive as he is having a sense of contentment for a number of reasons like observing the improvements in the health of elderly person, fulfilling a responsibility of being a son and caring for his parent. The association between satisfaction and physical care is has been explored by a number of researchers among middle-aged children caring for their aged parents in late life (Walsh, 2015). It has been found that the satisfaction level is reduced as the level of physical care gets increases (Bakas Burgener, 2015). In some of the cases, it has been observed that the caregivers are not prepared for providing care and possess insufficient knowledge for delivering proper care to the elderly person (Richardson et al., 2013). In addition, the healthcare professionals give limited help to the caregivers to manage their duties of giving care to the elderly person. Several studies have reported that the individuals who are involved with caregiving of the elderly person have an increased tendency of developing serious illness. One of the biggest challenges, which they face, involves the interaction with the doctors and the nurses in the hospital settings when the elderly person is hospitalized and at the time of discharge (Roth, Fredman Haley, 2015). Besides all these, the caregivers do no find time for themselves as most of the time they are busy in taking care of the elderly person. A research outlook has stated that around forty percent to seventy percent of family caregivers suffer from severe depr ession (Li, Mak Loke, 2013). This stress has the potential to reduce the life expectancy of the care givers by ten years. The caregivers are less likely of being engaged in protective behaviors of health. The caregivers of a family have a greater risk for developing higher levels of anger in as compared to the non-caregivers (Padierna et al., 2013). The higher rates of the depressive symptoms together with problems of mental health among the caregivers, and the fatigue associated with the care of the elder persons, who does not possess the ability to perform the activities of daily living, put numerous caregivers at a serious risk for the outcomes of poor health (Caqueo-Urzar et al., 2014). The burden of caregiving together with strain has been associated with the poor healthy condition of the caregiver, high use of drugs and increased risks in health behaviours (Bakas Burgener, 2015). It has been reported by several researchers that the caregivers poses a risk foe experiencing sl eep disturbances, fatigue and reduced functioning of the immune system (Richardson et al., 2013). In my opinion, the Zarit Burden Interview is easy to use as from it, the caregivers responses can be known with respect to the process of providing care to the elderly person. ZBT is a popular self-report of the caregiver which is used by a several ageing agencies. In my opinion, it questions has helped me in knowing the response of the two individuals in terms of care giving to the elderly person. Between the two family caregivers, one of them has scored high in the interview and can be referred to the NTUC Eldercare Singapore (Li, Mak Loke, 2013). It has been established in the year 1999 and it provides eldercare services that reasonable to the individuals who earn a limited income. It serves as a place where the elderly persons can be provided care by the professionals. This individual should be referred to this agency since he is not able to take care of the elderly person in a proper manner and he is frustrated as he is not able to concentrate on his career and health needs. Ma ny of the times, he missed the doctors appointments. Hence, he needs to take the elderly patient to this agency so that they can take care of him in an appropriate manner. References Arun, ., ak?ro?lu-evik, A. (2013). Quality of life in an ageing society.Zeitschrift fr Gerontologie und Geriatrie,46(8), 734-739. Bakas, T., Burgener, S. C. (2015). Predictors of emotional distress, general health, and caregiving outcomes in family caregivers of stroke survivors.Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation. Buys, Y. M. (2014). Aging and feminization of the physician workforce in Canada: Comparing ophthalmologists to all other physicians.Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology/Journal Canadien d'Ophtalmologie,49(3), 291-296. Caqueo-Urzar, A., Miranda-Castillo, C., Girldez, S. L., Maturana, S. L. L., Prez, M. R., Tapia, F. M. (2014). An updated review on burden on caregivers of schizophrenia patients.Psicothema,26(2), 235-243. DiGiacomo, M., Lewis, J., Nolan, M. T., Phillips, J., Davidson, P. M. (2013). Health transitions in recently widowed older women: a mixed methods study.BMC health services research,13(1), 1. Hou, R. J., Wong, S. S., Yip, B. K., Hung, A. T., Lo, H. M., Chan, P. H., ... Mercer, S. W. (2013). The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction program on the mental health of family caregivers: a randomized controlled trial.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics,83(1), 45-53. Jain, N., Koolwal, A., Goel, A. (2016). Journal of Community Medicine Health Education. Li, Q. P., Mak, Y. W., Loke, A. Y. (2013). Spouses' experience of caregiving for cancer patients: a literature review.International Nursing Review,60(2), 178-187. Ostwald, S. K., Bernal, M. P., Cron, S. G., Godwin, K. M. (2015). Stress experienced by stroke survivors and spousal caregivers during the first year after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.Topics in stroke rehabilitation. Padierna, A., Martn, J., Aguirre, U., Gonzlez, N., Muoz, P., Quintana, J. M. (2013). Burden of caregiving amongst family caregivers of patients with eating disorders.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology,48(1), 151-161. Phua, K. H. (2014). Health Systems and Population Ageing in the Asia-Pacific Region: Challenges and Policy Options for the Future. Richardson, T. J., Lee, S. J., Berg-Weger, M., Grossberg, G. T. (2013). Caregiver health: health of caregivers of Alzheimers and other dementia patients.Current psychiatry reports,15(7), 1-7. Roth, D. L., Fredman, L., Haley, W. E. (2015). Informal caregiving and its impact on health: A reappraisal from population-based studies.The Gerontologist, gnu177. Shankardass, M. K. (2016). Women and aging: An international, intersectional power perspective. Thang, L. L. (2014). An Active Ageing Approach to Living Alone: Older Men and Women Living in Rental Flats in Singapore.Gender and Ageing: Southeast Asian Perspectives,229, 198. Walsh, F. (2015).Strengthening family resilience. Guilford Publications.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Robinson Crusoe Essay Paper Example For Students
Robinson Crusoe Essay Paper Robinson was a young man of 18 and had a dream to be a sailor. He asked his father for permission. His father thought that he should stay home and take over the family business or study law. Robinson asked his father again to let him have just one sail. His father disapproved once more. One afternoon a shipped sailed in from the harbor. The captain of the ship was one of Crusoes friends, father. The captain invited Crusoe on a voyage to the English coast and he couldnt resist. Crusoe ran away. He was very seasick. Soon after he set off on his second voyage. Here he would travel to the coast of Africa. He learned how to trade with the natives. On one of his voyages he was ship wrecked and picked up by another boat. The captain owned a plantation. Soon after this Crusoe bought his own plantation. When other plantation owners needed slaves to work their farms they asked Crusoe to sail to Africa. Crusoe agreed and set sail. On the way there they ran into many storms. Three men were kille d very soon. The twelfth day was a hard one. The biggest storm hit. Its waves were giant. The ship was in very bad shape and Crusoe had to abandon it. He and the other sailors loaded into the small boat and paddled to land. All of the sudden a titanic wave crashed onto the boat. It drowned everyone but Crusoe. He was lucky to be alive. When he got the strength to walk again he found himself a safe place to sleep for the night, which was between to limbs a big tree. When he awoke the next morning he went he decided to salvage some stuff from the boat. There were so many things on the ship he had to build a raft to carry them back to land. He found carpentry tools, artillery, clothes, nails, and food. When he was on his way back a current started to pull him away from the place were he had landed. It was a creek. It pulled him to a perfect spot to unload his stuff. Crusoe found a great place to build a fort were he could see if any ships came and to protect him from any other sorts wild of beasts. Soon he learned that he should keep a calendar. He stood up a post in the sand. Every day he put a notch in the wood. Crusoe was a very skillful man. On the island he learned how to grow corn. Then how to turn the corn he made into bread. He also discovered grapes and other nutritional plants. He also learned how to make chairs, tables and shelves for his cave. During the long and rainy days he learned ho to weave baskets. Then how to hunt. Finally he found a parrot and taught it how to say Robin Crusoe. One day he saw a distant island on top of a tall cliff. So he decided to build a canoe to travel to it. It took him almost a year to build a canoe. When he finally got through with it, it was too big to drag to the river. So he learned his lesson. He then turned his attention to clothing. The ones he had gotten four years ago began to rot and tear. He began to learn to make soft vests and pants out of goat skin. After that he made a big umbrella out of the skin to protect him from the sunrays. It took him many tries to make it work right. Since Crusoe had found out how to breed his goats he had a little extra time and planed a trip to travel around the island. When he was finished he pushed out into the water. When he reached a distant point he ran into a strong current. It pulled him way around to the other side of the island. He then decided to walk home. .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .postImageUrl , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:hover , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:visited , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:active { border:0!important; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:active , .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubb6598b94daa9c39e993d9688abddeab:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Adolescent Alcohol Abuse EssayCrusoe wanted to sail around the island again and made his way down to the shore. This is when he found a very gruesome sight. He saw a footprint on the sand. Astonished he ran back to the fortress. He was so scared of being eaten that he built another wall and put guns through them. He didnt leave his fortress for a while. He started having thoughts about the cannibals. Like Why should I kill them and what if they eat me while Im asleep? he was very scared. Then one day he looked down from his fortress and saw smoke. He climbed to the top of a hill and looked through his spyglass. He saw nine savages. He was very scared. He thought that if he shot them that more would come to kill him. So he swore the next time savages came he would. For the next year Crusoe thought about nothing but escaping from the island. He started having the same dream over and over again too. He dreamt of a savage escaping from his natives and Crusoe would rescue him. This man he would rescue would be the answer to his prayers of escaping. Soon after these dreams a group of savages came to the island. With them they had two prisoners. Crusoe felt his dream coming true. He hurried to the dunes and carried with him his guns. He hid for a while when all-of-the sudden one of the prisoners broke loose. The other savages only sent two men after him. Crusoe shot both of them and called to the run-away. They met and ran to his fortress. For the next years he taught his friend, Friday, English. Friday told Crusoe of his people and how glad they would be of him. They would learn Crusoes ways and not eat people any more. Crusoe thought about it for a while and decided that he would build another boat to go to Fridays island and maybe from there escap e. When they were finished building the boat they had to harvest crops. Finally when everything was ready to go more savages arrived at the island. With them they had three prisoners and one looked English. So Friday and Robinson set out to rescue them. They did end up rescuing the other men and killing every one of the savages. The man was really a Spaniard, the other was killed, and the other was Fridays father. So now the four men decide that they should send Fridays father and the Spaniard to the mainland. So for six months they gathered food and prepared for the voyage. When they left a big ship arrived. It belonged to the English men but Crusoe had his doubts. Sure enough it was but the captain was being held hostage. Crusoe planned away to get him free and did. Then they captured a bunch of the bad sailors and some joined his side. They made a planed to get the ship back. When Crusoe conquered this feat he wanted to sail for home. The captain gave Crusoe the boat and he did s o. When Crusoe arrived home he found that his mother and father was dead. But he did still have his plantation and some nephews to take care of. One of his nephews wanted to study law, the other wanted to be a sailor and travel the world. So another Crusoe was born and Robinson Crusoe got to go through 28 years on island as a Governor. Book Reports
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)